Vaginal Odor and Discharge Could It Be BV

Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal condition caused by an imbalance of bacteria. It is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection. BV can occur even without sexual activity, but certain factors may increase the risk.

The condition occurs when protective bacteria, mainly lactobacilli, decrease and other bacteria begin to grow. This disrupts the natural balance of the vaginal environment.

Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis

• a strong, unpleasant “fishy” odor, which may be more noticeable after intercourse or showering
• thin, grayish discharge with a sticky texture
• vaginal dryness, especially after intercourse
• itching or discomfort
• pain during intercourse

Recurrence is common with bacterial vaginosis. Even after treatment, symptoms may return. In some cases, treating a male partner may reduce the risk of recurrence by up to 30 percent.

BV can affect daily comfort and quality of life, even when symptoms are mild.

Diagnosis is based on symptoms and examination.

Why Bacterial Vaginosis Develops

The vagina has its own natural balance of bacteria. Protective bacteria, mainly lactobacilli, help maintain an acidic environment that prevents the overgrowth of other microorganisms.

When the number of these protective bacteria decreases, the environment becomes less acidic. This creates conditions for other bacteria to grow and form biofilms, which makes the imbalance more устойчивым и склонным к рецидивам.

Bacterial vaginosis is often associated with the growth of bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms.

Several Factors Can Disrupt the Natural Balance

• unprotected sexual activity or a change in partner
• douching
• smoking
• chronic stress
• hormonal fluctuations
• intrauterine devices
• nutritional deficiencies and overall immune response

Symptoms may become more noticeable after menstruation. During this time, the vaginal environment becomes less acidic, which creates favorable conditions for bacterial growth.

Vaginal Odor and Discharge Could It Be BV

Bacterial vaginosis is not just a temporary imbalance. Without treatment, it can increase the risk of other health problems.

• higher risk of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV
• increased sensitivity of the vaginal and cervical tissue to infections
• higher risk of complications during pregnancy, including preterm birth
• increased likelihood of endometritis and other воспалительных процессов
• more frequent recurrences and persistent symptoms

BV can also worsen the effect of existing infections, including HPV, which may increase the risk of cervical changes over time.

Even when symptoms are mild, treatment helps restore the natural balance and reduce these risks.
 

Related Links

• Yeast Infections in Women